Ku wa 23 Rusama 2025, Inama Nshingwantwaro y'Inama Nkuru ya Leta yarasuzumye yongera yemeza umugambi w'ibikorwa vyo guteza imbere inganda zikora ibikoresho bitagiramwo ibidukikije n'ibidukikije bike- (2025-2027)(ubu uzokwitwa "Umugambi w'ibikorwa"). Iyo nama yarungitse ikimenyetso gitomoye c’uko iterambere ry’ubuhinga bw’ubuhinga ry’ivyatsi bitotahaye n’iry’ubuhinga buke ari ikintu gikenewe kugira ngo umuntu ashire mu ngiro bimwe bishitse filozofiya nshasha y’iterambere, kandi ko ari co kintu nyamukuru kizotuma habaho iterambere ry’ubutunzi ry’agaciro kanini. Kwemeza iyo nyandiko ihambaye vyatumye "ubuhinga bwo gukora ibintu bitoto" buja imbere mu guhindura inganda. Urugendo rwo kuva mu kuba "ibihugu bikomeye vy'ubuhinga" gushika mu "gihugu gikomeye c'ubuhinga"-ihinduka rishasha ry'inganda rifise iterambere ry'ivyatsi nk'umushinge waryo-ni ryo rihindura kazoza k'ubutunzi bw'Ubushinwa.
I. Ivyerekeye Politike: Ubushinwa Burongoye Impinduka y'Ivyatsi Bitotahaye kw'Isi Yose
Kubera ko ari co gihugu conyene kw'isi cashize hejuru "ubwubatsi bw'ubumenyi bushingiye ku bidukikije" bukaba ingamba y'igihugu, Ubushinwa, burongowe n'ingingo ngenderwako z'ubutekerezi bushingiye ku bidukikije, bubona ko ibidukikije vyiza bishingiye ku bidukikije ari vyo vyiza vya bose biringaniye kuruta ibindi vyose kandi ari vyo vyiza kuruta ibindi vyose vyo gufasha abantu bose. Intumbero ni iyo gutuma abantu baronka inyiyumvo nyinshi z’ugushira akanyota, umunezero be n’umutekano bivuye ku bidukikije vyiza. Igamije gutegura iterambere ry'ubu n'ukumererwa neza kw'ibihe bizoza, gutuma igihugu c'Ubushinwa gitera imbere mu buryo buramba, no kwubaka iterambere riramvye aho abantu n'ibidukikije bibana vy'ukuri mu bumwe. ku bijanye no kurinda ibidukikije ariko kandi ni uguhitamwo kutazokwirindwa kugira ngo inganda zishobore guhangana n’ibindi no gushika ku guteza imbere ubuzima buramba. Kubera ko ari co gihugu gikomeye kw’isi gikora ibikoresho, Ubushinwa burafise amabanga akomeye yo guteza imbere ihinduka ry’ivyatsi bitotahaye kw’isi yose. Biciye mu guhingura ibintu bitagiramwo ibidukikije, Ubushinwa bwiyemeje kugabanya imyuka itera ibidukikije no guhindura inganda zabwo zikora ibintu kuva ku rugero runini gushika ku rugero rwo hejuru.
II. Gahunda y'ibikorwa: Ikarata y'inzira y'ihinduka ry'ubuhinga bw'ivyatsi
(A) Ivyiyumviro vy'umugambi w'ibikorwa
Nk’uko bigaragara mu kiganiro catanzwe na Minisitere y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu kwezi kwa Gitugutu 2024, iyo Gahunda y’Ibikorwa izoshimika ku gutegura neza uburyo bwo guteza imbere ivyatsi bitotahaye n’ibitera umuyagankuba muto-, yibanda ku bintu bitatu bikurikira:
1. Kwihutisha gutegura ingingo ngenderwako zo guharura ibirenge vy’umuyagankuba ku bikoresho vy’inganda
Hashizweho utwigoro two gutegura vyihuse umugwi w’ingingo ngenderwako zo guharura ibirenge vy’umuyagankuba, hazoba twibanda ku bikoresho nyamukuru nk’ivyuma, aluminium ikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba, amabateri ya litiyumu, n’ibinyabiziga bishasha bikoresha inguvu. Ivyo bizotuma amashirahamwe y’inganda agabanya ivyuka bihumanya ikirere mu kiringo cose c’ubuzima bw’ibicuruzwa no guteza imbere uguhindura no guteza imbere imirongo y’inganda n’imirongo y’ugutanga ibikoresho.
2. Gukomeza kwubaka uburyo bushasha bwo gukoresha imyanda ikomeye
Ku ma bateri y’amashanyarazi yakoreshejwe, gutegura no gutanga ingingo zo kuyacungera kugira ngo zikoreshwe neza, gusubiramwo no gusohora ingingo ngenderwako z’inganda kugira ngo zikoreshwe neza, no kwihutisha gushinga uburyo bushasha bwo gusubira gukoresha. ubushobozi bwo gukoresha mu buryo burambuye kugira ngo bitegurire igihe c’ikiruhuko c’izabukuru kizoza.
3. Guteza imbere n'umwete ugukoresha ivyuma vy'umuyagankuba bisukuye kandi bifise ubuzima buke-mu bikorwa vy'inganda
Kubera inzitizi zibuza gukoresha ivyuma bisukuye kandi bifise ivyuma bike, bizotuma habaho uguteza imbere ugushiramwo politike n’uguhingura ibintu bishasha. Kwihutisha ikoreshwa ryayo ku rugero runini-mu nganda nk’ivy’ivyuma, ivy’imiti, n’ivy’amavuta, no gushika ku ntumbero nyinshi mu gukoresha ubuhinga bw’ivyatsi bitobito mu nganda, ivy’ubwato, ivy’indege, n’ibindi.
(B) Ibintu nyamukuru vyavuzwe muri Gahunda y’Ibikorwa
Mu gufatanya Ivyiyumviro vy’Indongozi vya Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga ry’Itangazamakuru n’Izindi Nzego Indwi ku bijanye no Kwihutisha Iterambere ry’Ivyatsi vy’Inganda n’imigenderanire y’ingingo mfatirwako nshasha, iyo Gahunda y’Ibikorwa izoshimika ku bintu bikurikira:
1. Gukomeza ubuhinga bushasha n'ugukoresha ubuhinga bushasha
Kwihutisha ubuhinga bushasha mu vy’ubuhinga n’ubuhinga bushingiye ku bidukikije no guteza imbere ubuhinga buteye imbere bushingiye ku bidukikije ni kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru vy’Itegeko ry’Ibikorwa. Biciye mu bushakashatsi, mu gutegura no mu gukoresha ubuhinga bushasha bw’ivyatsi bitotahaye, ihinduka ry’ishimikiro ry’uburyo bwo guhingura ibintu birashobora gushikwako, bikagabanya ugukoresha inguvu n’uguhumanya ibidukikije, no gushinga umushinge w’ivyatsi bitotahaye w’inganda nshasha. Ingero ni ugutegura ubuhinga bwo kuzigama inguvu-, ubuhinga bwo guhingura ibikoresho bitagira ingaruka ku bidukikije, no gukoresha cane ubwo buhinga mu bigo bitandukanye bikora ibikoresho.
2. Guteza imbere ihinduka ry'ivyatsi bitoto ry'inganda za kera
Inganda za kera ni igice gihambaye cane c’urwego rw’ubuhinga kandi ni ahantu nyamukuru kandi hagoye mu guteza imbere ivyatsi bitotahaye n’ivy’umuyagankuba muto-. Iryo tegeko rizokoresha ingingo ngenderwako nk’uguhindura ibikoresho ku rugero runini kugira ngo hakoreshwe n’umwete ibikoresho n’imigenderanire biteye imbere, kwihutisha uguhindura ivyatsi bitotahaye no guhindura neza inganda z’ingenzi nk’ivyuma, imiti, n’ibikoresho vy’inyubako. Ivyo birimwo gutuma ibikoresho vyo gukora n’ubuhinga bwo gukora ibintu bigenda neza mu nganda za kera kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gukoresha neza inguvu, agabanye ivyuka bihumanya ikirere, kandi ashike ku guhinduka kuva ku gukoresha inguvu nyinshi-n’ibihumanya vyinshi.
3. Kurongora iterambere ry'ivyatsi bitoto ry'inganda ziriko zirakura
Ku nganda ziriko zirakura, iyo Gahunda ishimika ku guteza imbere ivyatsi bitoto kuva ku ntangiriro ndende. Bizokwongerera ugukoresha inguvu zisukuye mu nganda ziriko zirakura, guteza imbere ibintu bitagiramwo ibidukikije, no kwongerera ubushobozi bwo gusubira gukoresha ibikoresho. Nk’akarorero, mu nzego nk’ibinyabiziga bishasha bikoresha inguvu n’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi, utwigoro ntituzoshimikira gusa ku kwagura urugero rw’inganda ariko kandi tuzoshirwa mu gushiramwo ivyiyumviro vy’iterambere ry’ivyatsi kuva mu ntango, kwemera uguhingura inguvu zisukuye, gutuma ibicuruzwa bikora neza, no gushinga uburyo bwiza bwo gusubira gukoresha ibidukikije.
4. Gukomeza ubushakashatsi bw’ubuhinga busanzwe n’ugutegura neza ivyagezwe
Ubuhinga busanzwe bugereranya kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru bishobora gutuma inganda zikora ibintu zidatera imbere mu bijanye n’ivyatsi bitotahaye kandi bikoresha ivyuka bitari vyinshi.Gukomeza ubushakashatsi ku buhinga busanzwe birashobora gutanga infashanyo ikomeye y’ubuhinga bwo guteza imbere inganda. Hagati aho, gutegura neza ingingo mfatirwako mu bice nyamukuru bizofasha gutunganya inyifato z’ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga no kumenya neza uburyo n’ubushobozi bw’iterambere ry’ivyatsi bitotahaye n’iry’ibidukikije bike-. Ingero ni ugutegura ingingo ngenderwako zimwe zijanye n’ugusohora umwuka w’ikirere n’ingingo ngenderwako z’ingene ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu guhingura ibintu bifise akamaro kugira ngo biyobore amashirahamwe mu guhingura no gucunga hakurikijwe izo ngingo ngenderwako.
5. Gutuma amategeko agenda neza no gutuma uburyo bwo gutanga ibikorwa bugenda neza
Mu gutuma politike zijanye n’ivyo zigenda neza, hazoshirwaho ikibanza ciza c’ingingo ngenderwako ku bijanye n’iterambere ry’ivyatsi bitotahaye n’ivy’umuyagankuba muto-mu nganda zikora ibikoresho. Ingingo zishobora kubamwo infashanyo z’amahera, infashanyo z’imisoro, infashanyo y’amahera, n’izindi ngingo zo guhimiriza amashirahamwe gukurikirana n’umwete ihinduka ry’ivyatsi bitotahaye n’ubuhinga bushasha. Kunoza uburyo bwo gukora n’ugutanga ibikorwa bishingiye ku bidukikije-harimwo gushinga uburyo bwo gucunga uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho bidukikije, guteza imbere ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga bw’ibidukikije, no gutanga ubuhinga bwo gutanga impanuro n’ugutanga icemezo-bizofasha mu buryo burambuye no gufasha ibigo mu gushika ku mpinduka no gutera imbere mu bijanye n’ubuhinga bwavyo, gutera imbere no iterambere ry'umuyagankuba rito-.
III. Ibikorwa vy'Ishirahamwe: "Gukora" Kazoza k'Ivyatsi Bitotahaye
Ishirwa mu ngiro ry’Itegeko ry’Iterambere ry’Ibikorwa vy’Ihinguriro ry’Ivyatsi Bitotahaye n’Ivyuma Bitobito(2025-2027) rizozana ingaruka zikomeye cane ku nganda z’Ihinguriro z’Ubushinwa. Biciye mu guhindura cane inganda za kera n’iterambere ry’ivyatsi ry’inganda ziriko zirakura, urwego rw’ubuhinga ruzoshika buhoro buhoro ku mpinduka yuzuye y’uruhererekane rw’ivy’umuyagankuba no kwongereza ubushobozi bwarwo bwo guhangana n’ivy’icatsi kibisi n’ivy’umuyagankuba muto. Ivyo ntibizofasha gusa gushika ku ntego zo gutuma ivyuka biva mu mazi biva ku rugero rwo hejuru no kutagira aho bihuriye, ariko kandi bizotuma inganda z’ubuhinga z’Ubushinwa zija ku ntambwe nshasha y’iterambere ry’agaciro kanini.
Mu myaka itatu izoza, inganda zose n’uturere twose bitegerezwa guhuza cane no gushitsa n’umwete ibikorwa vyavuzwe muri iyo Gahunda kugira ngo haboneke ko intumbero z’iterambere ry’ivyatsi bitoto n’ivy’umuyagankuba muto-zishikwako. Biciye mu nguvu nyinshi-mu guhingura ubuhinga bushasha, mu gutuma ubuhinga bugenda neza, no mu gutuma ubuhinga bugenda neza, inganda z’ubuhinga z’Ubushinwa zizogira ico zikoze cane mu guhindura ivyatsi bitotahaye kw’isi yose. Uguhingura ibintu bitagiramwo ivyatsi bitoto si akazoza k’inganda zikora ibintu gusa ariko kandi ni akazoza k’ubutunzi bw’Ubushinwa. Reka twese hamwe twitege imbere y’igihe iyo mpinduka nshasha y’inganda ifise iterambere ry’ivyatsi bitotahaye nk’umushinge wayo, ikazana ubuzima bushasha n’amahirwe mashasha ku nganda z’ubuhinga z’Ubushinwa.
Ihuza: Ubuhinga bwa 2025/ubuhinga bwa 090cc959a67747ea (Amakuru ya Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga ry’Igihugu c’Ubushinwa, ku wa 23 Rusama)
